RESEARCH & GUIDES
Understand the evidence behind agent commerce.
Practical methods for reading payment records, comparing service offers and making claims the data can support.
Read the latest analysis
Our news and analysis desk connects payment-infrastructure developments with dated evidence, source links and original data reporting.
What counts as an agent transaction?
Separate payment, authorization, delivery and task outcomes before interpreting agent commerce.
Read the guide ↗Protocolsx402 vs AP2 vs MPP: agent payment protocols explained
Understand payment, authorization and messaging layers, and the evidence each can expose.
Read the guide ↗Data guideHow to read Tempo transaction data
A practical guide to transaction identity, token amounts, fees, source provenance and coverage gaps.
Read the guide ↗Research methodsHow to measure agent payments without overstating the market
Define defensible payment metrics, exclude unsupported purchase claims and compare like-for-like observation windows.
Read the guide ↗Provider researchHow to compare x402 service prices
Compare advertised API offers using token precision, billing units, dated terms and actual task requirements.
Read the guide ↗Use the data behind the explanation
Explore the Tempo dataset, inspect dated service offers, or reproduce a query using the public API. Sources have different coverage: a transaction, a provider listing and a service total are different observations.
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